The valves that let blood enter and leave the pumping chambers of the heart close throughout a pulse, producing the "lub-dub" sound. In addition to the two sounds associated with valve closure, turbulent (rapid) blood flow also produces a third sound known as a cardiac murmur. The cardiac murmur is often "innocent" and won't need to be addressed as long as the blood flow is erratic. Heart murmurs affect one in every four children as they get older. The presence of a structural problem or a heart defect, however, could be indicated by some irregular blood flow noises, demanding more cardiologist testing. Your child's doctor can evaluate a variety of heart murmur characteristics to determine whether it is normal or abnormal and whether additional testing by a pediatric cardiologist is required. If your kid is referred to a specialist, an electrocardiogram (ECG), which checks the heart rhythm and looks for any aberrant electrical patterns, is a typical screening test. An echocardiogram, a focused ultrasound of the heart to check for structural anomalies, may also be done in some circumstances.
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